Which quality management tool graphically represents the 80/20 rule?

The Pareto Chart is the correct choice as it visually represents the 80/20 rule, also known as the Pareto principle. This principle states that roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes. In a Pareto Chart, data is typically displayed in descending order of frequency, enabling users to identify the most significant factors contributing to a problem or situation. By focusing attention on the top contributors, organizations can prioritize improvement efforts effectively.

This type of chart usually consists of bars representing individual categories of data, showing their magnitude, alongside a cumulative percentage line that indicates the proportion of total effects attributed to the identified causes. This makes it a powerful tool in quality management, as it allows teams to see where they should focus their efforts for maximum impact in reducing defects or improving processes.

In contrast, other tools listed serve different purposes: the Fishbone Diagram is used for cause and effect analysis, the Control Chart monitors process variation over time, and the House of Quality aims to relate customer requirements to engineering characteristics. Each has its unique application but none graphically represent the 80/20 rule as effectively as the Pareto Chart.